{"id":9441,"date":"2025-01-19T05:35:30","date_gmt":"2025-01-19T04:35:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/?p=9441"},"modified":"2025-01-19T05:35:38","modified_gmt":"2025-01-19T04:35:38","slug":"les-galapagos-enjeux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/?p=9441","title":{"rendered":"Les Gal\u00e1pagos\u00a0: enjeux"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Puerto Isidro Ayora<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tout n\u2019est pas rose pour autant au paradis, ce serait trop facile. Les Gal\u00e1pagos&nbsp;sont rest\u00e9es inhabit\u00e9es jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019arriv\u00e9e des Espagnols en 1535 (m\u00eame si ces derniers d\u00e9couvrirent a priori quelques traces de campements abandonn\u00e9s depuis longtemps). Apr\u00e8s quelques millions d\u2019ann\u00e9es de tranquillit\u00e9, la nature allait finalement d\u00e9couvrir l\u2019homme, pour son plus grand malheur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019archipel fera longtemps office de repaire de pirates, puis servira d\u2019escale pour les baleiniers, sera ensuite transform\u00e9 en colonie p\u00e9nitentiaire, avant de finalement devenir un parc national en 1959. Il \u00e9tait temps. Car malgr\u00e9 une pr\u00e9sence humaine somme tout r\u00e9duite durant quatre si\u00e8cles, le riche et fragile \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me de ces \u00eeles a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9finitivement perturb\u00e9. Notamment \u00e0 cause de la chasse (plus possible aujourd\u2019hui heureusement) et des esp\u00e8ces invasives (faune comme flore). Et ne parlons m\u00eame pas de changement climatique\u2026 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Un bon exemple est celui de la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre tortue g\u00e9ante des Gal\u00e1pagos. Sur les 10 esp\u00e8ces initialement existantes, il n\u2019en reste plus que 7 aujourd\u2019hui. D\u2019ailleurs le dernier repr\u00e9sentant de l\u2019une des trois esp\u00e8ces disparues, le bien-nomm\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0Georges le Solitaire\u00a0\u00bb, est mort sans descendance en 2012, les chercheurs ayant vainement tent\u00e9 de le faire se reproduire pendant 40 ans\u2026 Et tandis que la population initiale de tortues \u00e9tait estim\u00e9e \u00e0 250 000 individus \u00e0 l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de l\u2019homme, il n\u2019en reste plus aujourd\u2019hui qu\u2019environ 15 000 (un nombre heureusement en augmentation graduelle). Pourquoi\u00a0donc ? Tout d\u2019abord \u00e0 cause de l\u2019importation volontaire de ch\u00e8vres, qui d\u00e9truisent les sources de nourriture des reptiles\u00a0; et l\u2019importation involontaire de rats, qui pillent les nids (\u00e0 noter que ch\u00e8vres comme rats sont en bonne voie d\u2019\u00e9radication). Mais surtout car ces prodigieux ch\u00e9loniens ont le malheur de pouvoir survivre plusieurs mois sans eau ni nourriture\u00a0; ainsi pirates et baleiniers s\u2019en servirent comme source de viande fra\u00eeche\u00a0: il suffit de retourner l\u2019animal, et de revenir le faire griller quand la faim se fait sentir, pratique\u2026 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le parc national a donc mis fin \u00e0 ces abominations, en prot\u00e9geant de mani\u00e8re extr\u00eamement stricte 97% des terres \u00e9merg\u00e9es, ainsi qu\u2019une zone de 40 milles nautiques autour de celles-ci. Sauf qu\u2019une autre source d\u2019ennuis potentiels a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u00e9barquer peu de temps apr\u00e8s, une sous-esp\u00e8ce invasive, Homo Sapiens Tourismus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_190846028-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9444\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_190846028-1024x771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9444\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bouff\u00e9e d&rsquo;air<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_200609514-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9445\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_200609514-1024x771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9445\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">C&rsquo;est un fameux trois m\u00e2ts&#8230;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_204123609-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9446\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_204123609-1024x771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9446\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Regardez bien le fond de l&rsquo;eau&#8230;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210401723-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9447\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210401723-1024x771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9447\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mon premier fou \u00e0 pattes bleues, embl\u00e9matique du coin<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210455273-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9448\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210455273-1024x771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9448\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Sieste<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210652335-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"771\" data-id=\"9449\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210652335-1024x771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9449\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210652335-1024x771.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210652335-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210652335-768x578.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210652335-1536x1157.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210652335-2048x1542.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Les basses terres<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210704101-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9450\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_210704101-1024x771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9450\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">C\u00f4te dentel\u00e9e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_222428354-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9454\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_222428354-1024x771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9454\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Saline<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_172200301-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9443\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_172200301-771x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9443\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">En attendant le retour de la mar\u00e9e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_212203800-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9451\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_212203800-771x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9451\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Le canal de l&rsquo;amour<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_221333202-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"771\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"9452\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_221333202-771x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_221333202-771x1024.jpg 771w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_221333202-226x300.jpg 226w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_221333202-768x1020.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_221333202-1157x1536.jpg 1157w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_221333202-1542x2048.jpg 1542w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_221333202-scaled.jpg 1928w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 771px) 100vw, 771px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Qui m\u00e8ne \u00e0 Las Grietas, &#8230;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_221550805-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9453\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_221550805-771x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9453\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">&#8230; un chouette canyon<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_223348296-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"771\" data-id=\"9455\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_223348296-1024x771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_223348296-1024x771.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_223348296-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_223348296-768x578.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_223348296-1536x1157.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_223348296-2048x1542.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Je prends la pause<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_233404562-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9456\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_233404562-1024x771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9456\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bateau en tenue de camouflage pour terres volcaniques<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_171851725-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9442\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250118_171851725-771x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9442\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ce bon vieux Charles<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250119_020854853-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"9457\" src=\"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PXL_20250119_020854853-771x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9457\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Nouvelle soir\u00e9e politique en perspective<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Puerto Isidro Ayora Tout n\u2019est pas rose pour autant au paradis, ce serait trop facile. Les Gal\u00e1pagos&nbsp;sont rest\u00e9es inhabit\u00e9es jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019arriv\u00e9e des Espagnols en 1535&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9441","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-galapagos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9441","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9441"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9441\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9458,"href":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9441\/revisions\/9458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vadrouilles.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}